THE NUCLEAR PROBLEM: EUROPE, UKRAINE & US WITHDRAWAL

The potential U.S. military withdrawal from Europe raises concerns about nuclear deterrence, necessitating European collaboration. France and the UK may need to integrate their nuclear capabilities, while Ukraine contemplates developing its own deterrent amid ongoing threats.

A UNITED EUROPEAN MILITARY AT LAST?

The long-standing idea of a European unified military command encounters challenges due to NATO’s established dominance. Historical tensions around national sovereignty impede progress, while current geopolitical dynamics emphasize the need for Europe to strengthen its defense capabilities independently.